Chemical Control Agents Used Against the Gypsy Moth Essay -- Gypsy Mot

Chemical Control Agents Used Against the capital of Italy Moth The gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) is a highly disruptive species that can, and has contend a distinctive role in the lives of many organisms. Included in these organisms are various deciduous trees and shrubs, wildlife species that share the same environment, and even human beings. The gypsy moth destroys the beaut of woodlands via defoliation, alters ecosystems and wildlife habitats, and disrupts our own lives. It should therefore come as no surprise that the U.S. Department of Agriculture and many other agencies have taken huge steps to garter diminish populations of this small, yet persistent species. In an effort to control these overwhelming populations, five chemical control agents have been used to suppress and/or set aside the gypsy moth. Following, is a discussion of each chemical and their potentially hazardous effects on humans. The first chemical control agent is Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (B.t .k.) a bacteria isolated from diseased silk worms and flour moths. The potency of B.t.k. varies among insects and readily destroys lepidopteran larvae within approximately one hour of ingestion. More than 1 million pounds of B.t.k. is applied per year in the U.S., primarily via aerial spraying, but also by ground spraying. It does not persist long in the environment (losing its activity by 50% within 1-3 days), has not been seen to replicate in gypsy moth predators, and does not accumulate in the soil. There seems to be a low level of concern regarding human B.t.k. exposure, although B.t.k. formulations have caused eye, skin, and respiratory tract irritations, especially in ground workers. Some claims reveal that a majority of these workers were not equipped with ... ...8) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, north Area State and Private Forestry, Summary Final Environmental push Statement, Radnor, PA, 1995. 9) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and Ani mal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Gypsy Moth Suppression and Eradication Projects, 1985. 10) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Gypsy Moth Managment in the U.S. a cooperative approach. Environmental Impact Statement Appendix F Human Health Risk Assessment, 1995. 11) Wargo, Phillip M., Defoliation by the Gypsy Moth How it Hurts Your Tree, U.S. Department of Agriculture, no. 223, 1974. 12) White, William B., Hubbard, Schneeberger, and Raimo, Technological Developments in Aerial Spraying, U.S. Department of Agriculture, No. 535, 1974.